Nonce

A nonce is a sequential counter tied to a sender's account that fixes the order of its transactions and prevents any transaction from being replayed.

Each externally owned account has a nonce that starts at zero and increments by one with every confirmed transaction. Transactions must be mined in nonce order, so a gap blocks later ones until the missing nonce lands. This ordering prevents replay and lets a sender replace a pending transaction by resubmitting the same nonce with a higher fee. Getting the next nonce right is essential for high-throughput senders. Our RPC returns the current account nonce, including pending, so your signer picks the correct next value before building a transaction.